Race Discrimination in Sport - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1895 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/02/05 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Racial Discrimination Essay Racism Essay Did you like this example? With sports come racism, it’s as simple as that. The famous Jackie Robinson said, â€Å"But as I write these words now I cannot stand and sing the National Anthem. I have learned that I remain a black in a white world†(Jackie Robinson ). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Race Discrimination in Sport" essay for you Create order Saying that yes he plays a professional sport but this sport is a white mans sport and I would argue that it is still one today. Black athletes in sports have always pushed back against racism and have made lots of headway but â€Å"As Malcolm X once said: Dont tell me about the progress the black man has made. You dont stick a knife 10 inches in my back, then pull it out three or four, then tell me Im making progress.†(Skin games).Sports and racism have always gone hand in hand, there has never been a sport without racism, sports fuel the fire of racism, they fuel the uprising against racism and they fuel the backlash against it. The history of racism in sport has, in the end, despite numerous examples in which black athletes have overcome the color barrier, done more to promote racial bias and misassumptions than it has destroyed them. Racism in sports has is as common as they come. The color barrier has yet still not been broken in sports in spite of countless attempts to break it. From the famous Jackie Robinson, who did the unthinkable and first broke the color barrier to, â€Å"when Jack Johnson fought Tommy Burns to become the first African American heavyweight champion of the world†(Boxing the Color Line.). These acts of bravery and courage from these men helped the dissemination of the color barrier but still today it still hasn’t been fully eradicated. We continue to tell ourselves that it is getting better yet it has just gotten worse. The work of these famous Idols will surely never be forgotten but the work they started is not done yet. When Jack Johnson beat Tommy burns in 1908 the world was shocked. Tommy Burns was described as unbeatable, he’d never been defeated and was today’s equivalent of Mayweather. Then came Jack Johnson, Johnson beat Burns in round 14 of 20. The world was shocked, white people were shocked. Their â€Å"undefeatable† hero had been knocked down by a black man. After the match journalist, Jack London wrote, â€Å"Naturally I wanted to see the white man win. Put the case to Johnson and ask him if he were the spectator at a fight between a white man and a black man which he would like to see win. Johnsons black skin will dictate a desire parallel to the one dictated by my white skin (â€Å"Boxing the Color Line†). This was the view that many white people had at the time since Jack Johnson did not have there skin color he was not the peoples Heavyweight Champion of the World, he was the black mans Heavyweight champion of the world. This all came to the racism in the country at the time, many people, like it is today, still didn’t conform under the National Identity of an American. White people still thought of themselves as the privileged race. So when an African American took the title from a white man people started looking for a â€Å"great white hope† to beat Jack Johnson. White people could not accept Jack Johnson as there champion, they had an undying fear of black superiority, so they decided to actively try to find a white man to beat him, which funny enough, they never did. Meanwhile, Jack Johnson as the new Heavyweight Champion became under major public scrutiny. His publicists came up with a list of rules to make him â€Å"less black† or â€Å"good Negro rulesà ¢â‚¬ . These rules included, â€Å"He could not gloat over opponents. He could not be seen in public with white women. He had to be seen as a Bible-reading, mother-loving, God-fearing individual, and not to be too black.’†(Boxing the color line). Making him â€Å"less black† was common among black professional sports players at the time. Winning the match not only propelled him forward and made him a national figure but it also didn’t help him in some ways. Because he was in the spotlight of a white mans game he was made to become less of what he already was, by doing this he showed that through sports black people are almost always tried to be fixed. Another example of this would be the long forgotten black Jockeys. During the 1800s and early 1900s black men dominated the sport of horse racing. They couldn’t be beaten. Black Jockeys were the first African American sports superstars long before Jack Robinson or Jack Johnson came along. This was because for centuries plantation owners made their slaves work with there horses. Because of this, these men learned the inside and out of horses and horse racing. For hours they would ride, groom and train there masters horses. This caused the white horse owners to put their slaves on their horses as jockeys because they knew more about the horse than anyone else. Even after the emancipation black jockeys still destroyed any competition. During the first-ever Kentucky Derby 13 of the 15 riders were black. Not only that but African Americans â€Å"won 15 of the first 28 runnings of the Kentucky Derby†(The Kentucky Derby’s Forgotten Black Jockeys). The most famous of these Jockeys was called Isaac Murphy who, â€Å"was the undisputed king of jockeys and rode consistently for the top stables of the day†( Isaac Murphy). That is like saying he is todays version of Lebron James. He won an impressive 49 out of 51 starts during a stint in his career and near the end of his career he was making 25,000 a year. Murphy was part of the domination of black jockeys in horse racing. Then slowly they started to disappear. â€Å"The rising tide of institutional racism that swept across Gilded Age America finally seeped into the world of horse racing.†(The Kentucky Derby’s Forgotten Black Jockeys). Jealous white riders at northern tracks started to conspire against black Jockeys. Made more confident by societal changes started to force black jockeys out of the races. They warned the owners of the horses to not put black jockeys to ride their horses if they wanted to win. To carry out their threat they would block black jock eys into the side of the inside railing of the course and force them to go over the side. They would also whip the Black Jockeys with the whips meant for the races. All the while race officials would look the other way and ignore the misdoings that were happening in the sport. Quickly all black jockeys were out of jobs because the horse owners would know they would lose. Even Willie Simms, the only African American to win all three of the Triple Crown events had to beg for a horse to ride. This is an example of how sports promote racism, if still around today black jockeys would still dominate the sport of horse racing. But because the white population was scared of black superiority they methodically pushed all black jockeys out of the sport and now even today there is barely any black jockeys. This is what was happening in almost all the sports in that time period if it hadn’t happened already. â€Å"The NBA, where today nearly 75 percent of the players are black, originally had no black players. Zero†(In its early years, NBA blocked black players). Today one of the most famous sports in the world the NBA is almost all black players but back in the days, there were absolutely none. It was a completely white-dominated sport even though black players were clearly the superior at the sport. The best of the black players played on teams like the Harlem Globetrotters. They were so popular that owners of NBA teams would hold doubleheaders on the same night where the first game was played against a regular NBA team while and then afterward they would play against the much more exciting Globetrotters. â€Å"The Globetrotters traveled around the country beating all sorts of teams, including the NBA champion Minneapolis Lakers†(In its early years, NBA blocked black players). Beating the Lakers clearly pissed a lot of white people off, the Lakers were their all-star team and the Globetrotters came in and easily whupped their asses. The Globetrotters with all their new found fame got a ton of hate. They had to use fake buses to distract hate marches from getting to there buses. But with all this fame the NBA owners started to notice. The owner of the New York Knicks finally decided that he wanted to draft Nat â€Å"Sweetwater† Clifton a current player on the Globetrotters. At first, every single owner of the other NBA teams refused to have him play in their games but when the Owner of the Knicks threatened to leave the league they finally caved in. Clifton also came into the NBA with two black men named Chuck Cooper and Earl Lloyd. â€Å"The fact that all three players joined the NBA during the same season. Thus, no single player had to bear the burden on his own†(Nat Clifton). Since they all came in at the same time they all got less amount of hate since it was all divided between the three of them. But that doesn’t mean they didn’t get any hate. Some games that they played in fans would boycott because they didn’t think that black players should play in the league. Being in the spotlight gave the white people someone to hate and someone to blame when something went wrong. No l onger were white players for the faults that they did but those faults were put on the black players even if they didn’t do the fault. A university in Colorado did a survey where the main thing found was, â€Å"false notions about black athletes being more â€Å"naturally talented† than their â€Å"gritty† white peers†(How the natural talent myth is used as a weapon against black athletes). Meaning that people believed that white players had to work hard to where they had to get to while black players were naturally gifted and didn’t have to work to where they are now and didn’t have to overcome any obstacles. This how sports truly promote racism because we can not find it in ourselves to believe the black players deserve to be good at sports and do not deserve to be in the position in where they are now. Throughout history we have seen this, starting with Jack Johnson and how he had to conform to rules to make him less black. Then on to the black jockeys who were the first all-star black superstars in sports who were pushed out of the sport violently by jealous white jockeys and white owners. And finally on to the NBA who now is almost completely dominated by black players used to block black players from playing and hated on the ones who eventually did. Why must we continue to think of our Nation in sports as two separate races? Why can we not be proud of both races under one Nation? That is the question that we still ask today and are yet to be answered.

The United States Should Justify A Tuition Free Nation

In the United States, known as the land of opportunity, becoming a success, gaining wealth, and having an elevated standard of life can come through many pathways. There is not a single road towards personal success. Despite numerous paths, the most traveled is one of a college degree. This is no coincidence, because employers everywhere look to recruit people who have these degrees. However, what if someone who has the right intentions, great potential, and inexhaustible motivation cannot attend because of monetary reasons? This is why the United States should fabricate a tuition-free nation. It is widely known that certain European countries lawfully cast out tuition fees within their universities. These countries include Germany,†¦show more content†¦According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 68.4 % of 2014 high school graduates will be enrolled in colleges and universities, and an even higher percent of 72.7% will enroll as graduates. Though this is an excellent statistic, who will be paying for all this education? The students, of course! U.S. News World Report, a multi-platform news publisher with an authenticated annual ranking of colleges says that the average student loan debt by the end of their senior year is quickly approaching $30,000 and in some states beyond that amount. At the University of California, students are paying around $37,000 for tuition only. The average of the ten most expensive schools amounts to $50,632. All these are rates, of course, do not include the further necessary thousands for books, room, board, and several costs of liv ing. In point of fact, until fairly recent times, the United States had a virtually free system of public higher education. Of course, public kindergarten schools all the way up till high schools are free and based off of the taxpayer s income. In 1862, the U.S. Congress passed the Morrill Act in order to administer an equal educational opportunity for students. â€Å"Named for its sponsor. . . Justin Smith Morrill, it granted each state 30,000 acres for each of its congressional seats. Funds from the sale of the land were used by some states to establish new schools†

The No Child Left Behind Act Impact on the Assessment of...

The No Child Left Behind Act: Impact on the Assessment of Special Education Students Three years after the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) moved into our schools there is a great deal of controversy that questions whether the act implemented by President George W. Bush is helping or hurting an already suffering school system. There are many dimensions of the NCLB act that have been questioned over the past three years; the fair assessment of students with disabilities is one of them. As the National Center for Fair Open Testing (NCFOT) reported, the public relations aspect of this act is strong. However, all other areas of the new law are falling short of meeting their goals. In an annual report card developed by the NCFOT in 2005†¦show more content†¦(2005). Prior to the Individuals with Disability Education Act of 1997 (IDEA) students in special education were exempt from participating in the statewide testing. However, the IDEA advocated that all students including those with special learning difficulties should be able to participate in testing. (Cahalan, 2003). Legislative Overview of Laws Protecting Special Education Students On January 8, 2002, the still fairly new President George W. Bush signed the NCLB act. In this act the federal government was for the first time in the history of the Department of Education putting an act into effect that would penalize schools that failed to meet adequate yearly progress (AYP). The AYP is a measuring system in which the federal government will look at the progress of the local government and school systems to decide whether or not that school, along with its teachers and students, has progressed and provided a high-quality education (Goldhaber, 2002). The current goal for the 2005-06 school years is for each local school to assess students in the area of reading and math. 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Chronic Ear Infection in Aboriginal Children

Question: Discuss about theChronic Ear Infection in Aboriginal Children. Answer: Introduction According to the Department of Health, Australia, chronic ear infection is a remarkable issue of health for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children (Health.gov.au 2016). It is evident from the research reports that the extent of chronic ear infection for these children is up to 91% in the remote communities (Sparrow et al. 2016). The infection might ultimately result in hearing impairment that will have a profound impact on the behavioral problems, language learning and acquisition and the child's speech. This assignment is about Jay who is an Aboriginal and suffers from chronic ear infection and to support him and his family, an action plan or learning program will be developed. Action Plan Timeline Goal Intervention Rationale Outcome Initial Identification of the needs and goals of Jay Interviewing Jay and his family Closer inspection of Jay and evaluation of his illness Appropriate planning of the learning program 1st week Reduction of smoking habits by mother and grandmother of Jay Counseling by the center staff regarding smoking hazards Deposition of unhealthy particles in the ear like nicotine and related toxins aggravates the ear infection Quitting smoking habit to reduce the exposure of Jay to tobacco smoke and improving his ear infection 2nd week Reduction of the environmental risk factors including overcrowding and poor hygiene Arranging tutorial and practical sessions for Jay and his family to demonstrate the importance of hygiene and risks of overcrowding Parasites and germs rising from poor personal and domestic hygiene with noise pollution due to overcrowding promote the ear infection Improving the personal and domestic hygiene along with a silent environment for healing of the ear infection 3rd week Early identification of the symptoms of chronic ear infection to manage the problem at an early stage of the disease Educating Jay and his family by the center staff to identify the symptoms and its immediate reporting to prevent the growth of the disease Early detection of the re-appearance of the symptoms will prevent the recurring of the infection thereby accelerate the healing process of the disease Early management of the recurrent infections will keep the infection under control with gradual healing and no further development of the disease 4th week Educating Jay about ear health for increasing his awareness of the associated risk factors for the chronic ear infection Development of health promotion resources by the Center staff for Jay with screening activities for ear health Educating Jay will increase his compliance with the treatment procedure and disclosure of symptom abilities for ensuring his improved or continued hearing health Impact of educational intervention will be extended to the family members of Jay as they would also take initiatives for aligning with the treatment procedure for timely medical care The action plan has been developed considering a holistic, coordinated and culturally sensitive approach for Jay for managing his chronic ear infection as it is the responsibility of the enrolled nurse to follow the ethical guidelines prescribed for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. A set of indicators, known as the performance indicators, have to be in place for measuring the impact of the applied interventions as part of the action plan (Jervis-Bardy, Sanchez and Carney 2014). The indicators will determine throughout the period of four weeks the extent to which the impact and incidence to which the chronic ear infection has been treated for Jay and the extent to which the services of ear health is delivered by the community health center in an integrated, sustainable and safer way to Jay. The indicator will also measure the extent to which service planning and future policy are included for managing the ear health of Jay to prevent the recurrence of chronic ear infection (Dagan et al. 2013). The center staff members will have to be competent enough to identify and interpret these performance indicators to determine the implementation viability of the action plan. It is evident that the rate of the chronic ear infection is highest in the world among the aboriginal children (Yiengprugsawan, Hogan and Strazdins 2013). For Jay, the risk associated with the lifestyle should be reduced at the earliest by increasing awareness among the family members of Jay which should be culturally compliant and a preventive approach has to be designed for early identification of the recurrent symptoms. Improving the effectiveness of the services by the center staff will also reduce the impact of the disease on the learning and health outcomes. References Dagan, R., Leibovitz, E., Greenberg, D., Bakaletz, L. and Givon-Lavi, N., 2013. Mixed Pneumococcalnontypeable haemophilus influenzae otitis media is a distinct clinical entity with unique epidemiologic characteristics and pneumococcal serotype distribution.Journal of Infectious Diseases, p.jit289. Health.gov.au. (2016).Department of Health | Welcome to the Department of Health. [online] Available at: https://www.health.gov.au/ [Accessed 23 Oct. 2016]. Jervis-Bardy, J., Sanchez, L. and Carney, A.S., 2014. Otitis media in Indigenous Australian children: review of epidemiology and risk factors.The Journal of Laryngology Otology,128(S1), pp.S16-S27. Sparrow, K., Sanchez, L., Turner, D., MacFarlane, P. and Carney, A.S., 2016. Do tissue spears used to clear ear canal pus improve hearing? A case series study of hearing in remote Australian Aboriginal children with chronic suppurative otitis media before and after dry mopping with tissue spears.The Journal of Laryngology Otology,130(S1), pp.S11-S15. Yiengprugsawan, V., Hogan, A. and Strazdins, L., 2013. Longitudinal analysis of ear infection and hearing impairment: findings from 6-year prospective cohorts of Australian children.BMC pediatrics,13(1), p.1.